The Ovahimba Years
An Ethnographic Study in Text, Film and Photography
Petite Rina
Les années Ovahimba
Une étude ethnographique multimédia : Texte, Film et Photographie

 Brief History
 Publications
 Film Excerpts
 Bibliography
 Otjiherero Lexicon
 Partnerships
 Mbali Funeral Art
 
Bibliographical Elements

This bibliography in progress is dedicated to the memory of Ruy Duarte de Carvalho (1941-2010)

Ruy Duarte de Carvalho, writer, ethnographer, filmmaker, poet, was a friend that helped me to extend my research of the Otjiherero Language Speaking Peoples into the Namibe and Cunene Provinces of Angola. He made his bibliography available to me when I started my research; a rare en generous gesture.

Author Title Publisher  
  Aprovimento Hidráulico do Rio Cunene Ministério do Ultramar  
  Carta étnica de Angola (esboço) Instituto de investigação cinetifica de angola, Divisão de etnologie e etnografia, Luanda 1970  
ALNAES, Kirsten Oral Tradition and Identity: The Herero in 
Botswana, in The Societies of Southern
Africa in the 19th and 20th Century
University of London, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, London, 1981  
Anderson, Rachel J. Redressing Colonial Genocide Under International Law: The Hereros' Cause of Action Against Germany California Law Review, Vol. 93, No. 1155, 2005. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1117731  
ATRAN, Scott, Unedited, to be published in Behavioral and Brain Sciences Religion’s Evolutionary Landscape: Counterintuition, Commitment,
Campassion, Communion
Cambridge University Press, France, USA, Canada  
BADER, Christian Ethnies et politique en Namibie MAE texte interne No. 205/DAM, Windhoek, 1993  
BAINES, Thomas Explorations in South-West Africa. London: Longman, 1864.  
BERNUS, Edmond Le nomadisme pastoral en question in Etudes Rurales, Oct-Dec. 1990, no 120.  
BLOCH, Maurice et SPENCER, Dan Kinship and Evolved Psychological Dispositions:
The Mother’s Brother Controversy Reconsidered
To appear in Current Anthropology, London, Paris  
BOLLIG, Michael Resource Management and Pastoral Production in the Epupa Project Area:
The Kunene Drainage System from Swartbooisdrift to Otjinungwa
Consultancy study for the Epupa Project, Namibia, Germany  
BOLLIG, Michael Risk and Risk Minimization Amongst the
Himba Pastoralists in North-Western Namibia
Gamsberg Macmillan, Windhoek, 1982.  
BOLLIG, Michael, MBUNGUHA, Tjakazapi Janson When war came the cattle slept--: Himba oral traditions R. Köppe, 1997 - 337 pages  
BOLLIG, Michael “We are in a kraal”. The Colonial Encapsulation of the North-Western Namibian Pastoral Economy. Research paper, GSS, ACACIA  
BOLLIG, Michael and Gewald, J. B. (Eds.) People, Cattle and Land: Transformations of a Pastoral Society in Southwestern Africa. Cologne, Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, p. 3-52, 2001  
BONDT, Grite de Een dorp met betekenis : de ruimtelike organisasie van een Himba dorp Leuven, 1997. - 27 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. - Leuven, Katholieke Univ., Fak. Psychologie en Pedagogiese Wetensch., Lic. onderzoekspaper, 1997.  
Booysen, J. M Otjiherero: 'n Volledige grammatika met oefeninge en selutels in Afrikaans    
BRIDGMAN, Jon. M. The Revolt of the Hereros University of California Press, 1981  
CAMERON, B. & J.
A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Dhimba Language. Kunkel 2002. URL: http://www.sil.org/silesr/2002/SILESR2002-070.pdf (Accessed August, 2010).  
CARDOSO, Carlos, Lopes Estelas funerárias dos Mbali Im caso de acultaração Insituto de Antropologia da Universitade de coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 1991  
CARDOSO, Carlos, Lopes (Assistente do I.I.C.A.) Olumbali do Distrito de Moçâmedes: (Achegas para o seu estudo) Separata do Bool. Inst. Invest. Cient. Angola Vol. 3 (1), Luanda 1966  
CARDOSO, Carlos, Lopes (Ex-chefe da divisão de etnologia et etnografia do instituto de investigação científica de Angola) “Ovatjimba” em Angola Museu Regional de Cerâmica, Cadernos de Etnografia, Secunda Série 1, Barcelos 1967  
CHANDLER, Daniel Biases of the Ear and the Eye ‘Great Divide’ Theories; Graphocentrism; Phonocentrism; Logocentrism    
CONCEIÇÃO NETO, de, Maria Entre Colonos e Quimbares: No Extremo Sul da Angola AUSTRAL  
CRANDALL, David P. The Ovahimba of Namibia: A Study of Dual Descent (2 Volumes)

1993: Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) in Social Anthropology, Oxford University;

 
CRANDALL, David, P. The Strength of Ovahimba patrilineage Cimbebasia 13, 1991  
CRANDALL, David, P.

Himba Flora Taxonomy and Herbal Medicines

in Anthropos, Vol. 99, No. 1, 2004, 200-207.  
CRANDALL, David, P. Understanding the Hyena’s Character in African Folktales: the Himba case in Africa 2002: No. 2, 2002, 153-170.  
CRANDALL, David, P. The Place of Stunted Ironwood Trees: a year in the lives of the cattle-keeping Himba of Namibia.  Continuum: New York & London,.2000  
CRANDALL, David, P.

The Role of Time in Himba Valuations of Cattle

in Journal of  the Royal Anthropological Institute, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1998, pp. 101-114.  
CRANDALL, David, P. The Importance of Maize Cultivation Among the OvaHimba in Journal of the Namibian Scientific Society Vol. 43.1992  
CRANDALL, David, P. Female over Male or Left over Right: solving a classificatory puzzle among the OvaHimba  in Africa Vol. 66, No. 3, 1996, pp. 327-348.  
CRANDALL, David, P. The Strength of the OvaHimba Patrilineage in Cimbebasia  Vol. 13, 1991, pp. 45-51.  
DALTON, George Primitive Money in American Anthropologist, Vol. no. 1 February 1965  
DEDERING, Tilman The German-Herero War of 1904: Revisionism of Genocide or Imaginary Historiography? in Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 19, No. 1, South Africa, March 1993  
EHRET, Christopher Ehret Sheep and Central Sudanic Peoples in Southern Africa in The Journal of African History, Vol. 9, No. 2 (1968), pp. 213-221 (9 pages), Cambridge University Press, URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/179560  
ELLSWORTH, Kevin, H. Racial and Ethnic Relations in the Modern World: A Comparative Analyses of Portuguese Influence in Angola and Brazil For presentation at the 1999 International Studies Association Conference, February 1999, USA  
ESTERMANN, Carlos, Padre Etnografia e Turismo na Região do Cunene Inferior Agéncia-Geral do Ultremar, Lisboa MCMLXXIII  

ESTERMANN, Carlos

The Ethnography of Southwestern Angola. (3 vols.) (Ed., Gibson Gordon.) New York: Africana, 1976.  
ESTERMANN, Carlos, Padre, C. S. Sp. Etnografia do sudoeste de Angola: Volume 3 O Grupo Étnico Herero Memórias da Junta de Investigaçóes do Ultramar NÝ 30 (Secunda Série), Lisboa 1961  
GALATY, John, G. Introduction: Nomadic Pastoralists and Social Change Processes and Perspectives Journal of Asian and African Studies, XVI, 1-2 (1981), McGill University, Montreal, Canada  

GEWALD, Jan-Bart

Herero Heroes: A Socio-Political History of the Herero of Namibia, 1890-1923 in African Studies Review, Vol. 43, No. 2 (Sep., 2000), pp. 161-163, URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/525006  

GEWALD, Jan-Bart

Herero heroes: a socio-political history of the Herero of Namibia, 1890-1923 Ohio State University Press, 1999, 310 pages  
GEWALD, Jan-Bart ‘I Was Afraid of Samuel, Therefore I Came to Sekgoma’: Herero Refugees and Patronage Politics in Ngamiland, Bechuanaland Protectorate, 1890-1914. in Journal of African History,43 (2002): 222-223. http://journals.cambridge. org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext ?fulltextid=125324 (accessed January 28, 2009).  
GEWALD, Jan-Bart. Mirror images? Photographs of Herero commemorations in the 1920s and 1930s. In: W. Hartmann, P. Hayes and J. Silvester (eds.), The Colonising Camera: Photographs in the making of Namibian History, Cape Town: University of Cape Town Press / Athens OH: Ohio University Press / Windhoek: Out of Africa Publishers/ p. 118-124, 1998.  
GIBSON, G. D. Himba Epochs History in Africa 4:67-121, 1977  

GIBSON, G. D. Foreword.

The Herero of Western Botswana: Aspects of Change in a Group of Bantu-Speaking Cattle Herders. In: Vivelo FR, editor. St. Paul, West Publishing; 1977, xviii, 232 pp.  
GIBSON, Gordon, D. Double Descent and Its Correlates among the Herero of Ngamiland American Anthropologist (58, 1956)  
GIBSON, Gordon, D. Herero Marriage Rhodes-Livingstone Institute Journal Vol. XXIV, no. 24, December 1958  
GIBSON, Gordon, D. Eds. BOHANNAN, Paul; DALTON, George Markets in Africa - Chapter 25: Bridewealth and other Forms of Exchange among the Herero Northwestern University African Studies Number Nine, Northwestern University Press 1962  
GREEN, Lawrence, G. Lords of the Last Frontier: The Story of South West Africa and its Peoples of all Races. Chapter Four: Kaokoveld Journey Howard Timmins, Cape Town, 1962  
GOLDBLATT, I. History of South West Africa: From the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century. Cape Town: Juta & Company Ltd.  
GORDON, Robert J.
The Impact of the Second World War on Namibia. in Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 19, no. 1, Special Issue: Namibia: Africa's Youngest Nation (March, 1993): 147-165.  
Groupe Angola: Bibliografia Antropológia Departamento de Antropologia da Universitade de coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 1998  
Groupe Perspectivas sobre Angola Departamento de Antropologia da Universitade de coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 2001  
HAHN, Carl Hugo Linsingen, Louis Fourie, and Heinrich Vedder. The Native Tribes of South West Africa. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., 1928.  
Hinz, Manfred O. (Ed.) in collaboration with Helgard K. Patemann The Shade of New Leaves
Governance in Traditional Authority. A Southern African Perspective
Lit Verlag, Münster, 2006, ISBN 3-8258-9283-2
Omudile muua ohapo; epangelo liua ohamba. Freely translated, this proverb of the Ovakwanyama of northern Namibia means: New leaves produce a good shade; the laws of a king are always as good as new. The proverb paints a picture of wisdom to express the dialectical relationship between continuity and change in customary law. Since royal orders are supposed not to change from one king to the next, they are always as good as new, reads the explanatory note to the proverb by the anthropologist Loeb, who recorded the proverb. Traditional authority is like a tree standing on its roots, rooted in the tradition created by the ancestors of the ruler and the community. These roots remain firm, stable and unchanged, not so the concrete manifestation of authority that changes and responds to changes of the environment. This makes that new leaves are produced by the rooted tree. The new leaves are new and old. They are old, because in structure, colour and their capacity to protect by giving shade, they are more or less like the leaves of last year and the year before; they are new because they react to the challenge of seasons.
Hitzeroth, H. W. On the Identity of the Stone-Working Tjimba of South West Africa: A Comparative Multivariate Anthropometric Analysis. Cimbebasia 2, 9 (1976)  
JACOBSOHN, Margaret Negotiating Meaning and Change in Space and Material Culture    
KAVARI, Jekura. U. The Form and Meaning of Otjiherero Praises Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, Cologne, 2002  
KAVARI, Jekura. U. and Laura E Bleckmann
Otjiherero Praises of Places: Collective Memory Embedded in Landscape and the Aesthetic Sense of a Pastoral People, in African Landscapes Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation, 2009, Volume 4, 4, 473-500
SpringerLink, 2009, DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78682-7_18  
Kemper, R; V., Royce, A. P. (Eds.) Chronicling Cultures: Long-Term Field Research in Anthropology Altamira Press, 2002  
KOLA, Roger Kamanda A propos de la « bantouisation » culturelle en république démocratique du Congo Annales Æquatoria 21 (2000)9-18  
LOPES, Cardoso A arte Mbali do distrito de Moçamedes (I encontro de escritores de Angola, 19 - 21 janvier 1963) Publicações Imbondeiro et dos serviços culturais do Municipio de sa da Bandeira  
MacDougall, David Transcultural Cinema Princeton University Press, 1998  
MADEIRA, Ildeberto Pedras da Tristeza: Em Defesa da Arte Mbali AUSTRAL  
MAFEJE, Prof. Archie African Social Scientists Reflections Part 1: Anthropolgy in Post-Independence Africa: End of an Era and the Problem of Self-redefinition Heinrich Böll Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya, 2001  
MARTEN, Lutz Locative Inversion in Otjiherero: More on morphosyntactic variation in Bantu SOAS, London  
MARTEN, Lutz; KAVARI, Jekura; COOKE, Sheryl; HING, Shi Hyi; TOFT, Zoe; VOGEL, Julia A Sketch of Herero Grammar Department of Linguistics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Draft 22 november 2000.  
Möhlig, Wilhelm, Martre de Lutz et Jekura U. Kavari A Grammatical Sketch of Herero (Otjiherero) Köppe Verlag, Köln, 2002.  
REDINHA, José Distribuição étnica da Província de Angola Centro de informação et turismo de Angola, 3e Edição, 1965  

RIZZO, Lorena

The elephant shooting: colonial law and indirect rule in Kaoko, northwestern Namibia, in the 1920s and 1930s.(Essay) The Journal of African History, Cambridge University Press, 2007.  
SCHAPERA, I. Notes on some Herero genealogies in African Studies 38.1 (1979). URL: http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/00020187908707529  
SILVEIRA, da, Gonçalo, D. Padre Dos Primeiros Trabalhos dos Portuguezes no Monomotapa Memoria apresentada á 10e Sessão do Congresso International dos Orientalistas por A. P. de Paiva e Pona S.S.G.L. Sociedade de Geographica de Lisboa, Lisboa Imprensa Nacional 1892  
THOMAS, L.-V. Doyen de la Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines Cinq essais sur la mort africaine Université de Dakar, Publications de la Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Philosophie et Sciences sociales NÝ 3, Dakar 1986  
VAN BINSBERGEN, Wim Islam as a Constitutive Factor in African ‘Traditional’ Religion The Evidence from Geomantic Divination forthcoming in: BREEDVELD, A., van SANTEN, J., & VAN BINGENSBERGEN, W., M., J., eds., Islam and Transformations in Africa  
VAN BINSBERGEN, Wim Outline of a Modes-of-production Approach to Ideology, Belief and Ritual adapted from W. M. J. van Bingensbergern & P. L. Geschiere, 1985, ‘Marxist theory and anthropological practice: The application of French Marxist anthropology in fieldwork’, in: W. M. J. van Bingensbergern & P. L. Geschiere, (eds.), Old modes of production and capitalist encroachment: Anthropological explorations in Africa, London/Boston: Kegan Paul International, pp. 235-89; this extract p. 270-278, and notes/references on pp. 285-289.  
VAN BINSBERGEN, Wim Reliigion and Development: Reflexions on the Work by Philip Quarles van Ufford and Matthew Schoffeleers expanded version of text originally published in: Antropologische Verkenningen, 1991  
VANSINA, Jan Oral Tradition as History    
VANSINA, Jan De la tradition orale: Essai de méthode historique Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale - Annales - Serie in 8Ý - Sciences humaines - NÝ 36 1961, Tervuren, Belgique  
VEDDER, Heinrich. trans. Cyril G. Hall Southwest Africa in Early Times: Being the Story of South West Africa up to the Date of Maharero’s Death in 1890.

London: Oxford University Press, 1938, 229.

 
VEEN, van der, Lolke J. De l’origine et de l’expansion des populations bantouophones : approche linguistique, approche génétique Dynamique du Langage (UMR 5596), Lyon, France  
VIEGAS, Jennifer Study: Cows Give Men Power Discovery News 20-11-03  
VAN WOLPUTTE, Steven Material Culture in Himbaland, Northern Namibia. African Pastoralists Studies Series, vol. 1. Tervuren: Royal Museum for Central Africa, 2003. 328 pp. Photographs, map, notes, bibliography, index. ISBN 978-90-75894-49-3.  
WALLACE, Marion 'Making Tradition': Healing, History and Ethnic Identity among Otjiherero-Speakers in Namibia, c. 1850-1950 in Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 29, No. 2 (Jun., 2003), pp. 355-372 (18 pages), Taylor & Francis, Ltd. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3557367  
Wärnlöf, Christofer An Ovahimba Political Landscape: Patterns of Authority in Northwestern Namibia. Ph. D. thesis, Göteborgs University, Sweden, 1998.  
WILKINSON, David Spatio-temporal Boundaries of African University of California, Presented to the 22nd Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations, Scranton, Pennsylvania, June 3-6, Los Angeles, 1993